To find where the planets are on any one day you can either:
Use an ephemeris. That is simply a table for the (usually) midnight position of the planets on each day of each year.
You can find one at:
http://www.astro.com/swisseph/swepha_e.htm
Just click on the year that you are interested in. Whilst this is the simplest method, as all you have to do is look for the year(s) and day(s) you are interested in, for all planets out to Jupiter, you will really need to do some maths to locate their position for any particular hour or even minute. For the Moon, this is almost essential, as it moves at around 12 to 14 degrees a day.
Alternatively you can download a freeware Astrology program such as Morinus, which will calculate and chart the positions for any hour that you want, on any day in any year. Such programs do all the maths for you and will even compare the current positions to the natal positions, so that you can look for transits (current planet aspecting a natal planet) If you are prepared to actually trade up to shareware, there's a good program called Astrology for Windows by Halloran Software. However it costs a few dollars to register.
At the top end you can get some programs which actually allow you to see the movements of the planets, either in real time or speeded up, over a continuous period. They are quite fascinating to watch but the cost is such that they only serious students will fork out the money - we're talking $100 - $400 here.
You can do the charting on
www.asto.com and this is fine for one or two charts but it becomes a pain if you want to cast and save the charts for several days all at one go or several charts for different times during a particular day or days.
All of those will enable you to acccumulate a body of charts for a period that you're interested in. The trouble is, as Dave points out, interpreting these charts requires an investment of time and energy in learning at least the basics of Astrology. It's not an easy process but it is worth the effort, if you're really interested.