RChMI
The Midnight Sun/Black Sun (Sol Niger) can been seen as that of card XV The Devil, with the sanctuary as that which is through the cave on the far shore that leads to that Black Sun. In The Republic, men are fettered and unable to move in Plato's cave, reminiscent to that of the figures in card XV The Devil. The backround of the cliifs and the cave are also reminiscent of Dante's travails in Hell leading to Purgatory within The Divine Comedy, wherein Dante fails at scaling the cliff face of the mountain and Virgil shows him the way to the mountain top by means of a cave at its base (hence VITRIOL.) As such, the sun can be seen as the guiding/lighting/rising principle throughout both literary works and also that of the Majors. It is the one that uses the cards that makes the descent and ascent travelling through the deck and not the sun itselfTeheuti said:Certainly a good case can be made for either. I've been reading a lot of Waite's writings and have come to the conclusion that at it's deepest, most mystical sense it was, for Waite, the setting sun. This is the point at which one enters into the "sanctuary of the mystical death" where the sun becomes what is known as the "midnight Sun" that is found in the darkness within. A place where the "darkness deepens ye." The sun is to be reborn as an inner, rather than an outer light.
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Additionally, the silhouette of the buildings/city underneath that of the sun can be seen as the image of the New Jerusalem, which follows the Dantean imagery of mountains in the various other cards, and furthers leads into the Gnostic/Templaric ideals over that of the papal Church in the from of the Bishop. While the Church seeks to engulf the New Jerusalem within the symbolic imagery of the Bishop's miter, it is prevented from doing so by the Knight Templar, whose origins are suggested in the white cross on his breastplate (white cross on black background being that of the Teutonic Knights, which is further indicated by the "viking" longboat upon the water.) If the sun were to be seen as setting, then it would be seen to be setting on the New Jerusalem, and therefore what hope would there be for humanity, as in the biblical sense of prophetic revelations?