Well, obviously it is more involved than my simplification made it, but for the record Qabalah is much easier to learn than astrology. There's more understanding involved rather than learning stuff by heart. Each number has its own definition and symbolism, and the paths are the Majors. So every Major isn't just its attribution but also which two numbers it connects. The Tree of Life is like a machine, once you grasp how it basically works all the rest flows from that.
As for sources, I wrote two essays a while back for the purpose of pointing people at if they asked questions. While not very good, they may give you a general idea of the "machine," including the Courts.
http://tarotforum.net/showthread.php?t=201798
http://tarotforum.net/showthread.php?t=213790
Incidentally, the Tabula Mundi is a deck that takes the decans further and actually shows symbols relating to the Trumps in the Minors. Right now there's only the black and white version out but the colored version is due to come out this year. You might want to check it out.