I did as you suggested, Abrac, with the Sun cards.
Definintely not a "B" because the flag has the lines drawn down its whole length.
So, I thought it would be a "C" then. Nope. Too many differences. Shading of the horse is different, Still some lines missing from flag. Weird yellow piece coming off horse's mane is missing. Gray shading of the sky does not go as high on the LoS card. No blotches of green background behind some of the flowers. and there are some others.... definitely not "C".
Not "D" Either. D has the higher gray sky. different mane. green background blotches behind flowers...etc...
So, it's one of the "A"s, surprisingly.
Flag is more orange than red, so it looks closest to the "Roses and Lilies A" to me, with the sun squiggle removed and three rays added in where the "XIX" was removed by LoS.