Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (1757 - 1810)

[Huck]

Liberte

Sauveur/Marechal Mythologie 1793 / with cat and broken column it looks little bit like Fortitudo

66-cards divination deck 1790.
The red hat on a stick (on both pictures) is possibly "the red hat of the sans-culottes" (I don't know it for sure)


In this context the following facts have to be observed:

The following is a part of the new calendar of Sylvain Marechal 1788, in which Marechal replaced Christian saints with other well known persons ... for instance Shakespeare and Platon and Socrates.

Yesterdays I wrote to this theme:

Sylvain Maréchal, co-author of Jacques Grasset Saint-Sauveur between 1784-93, has this detail in his biography:

His critique of both religion and political absolutism (Livre échappé du déluge - "Book Salvaged from the Flood", a parody of the Bible) and his atheism caused him to lose his position at the College; Maréchal was forced to live off his literary output. In 1788, he was sentenced to four months in prison for publishing the Almanach des Honnêtes Gens ("Honest Man's Almanac"). The months were given names numbers one through twelve (for example, March is the first month, listed as "mars ou princeps", while February is "février ou duodécembre". The calendar also replaced the usual figures of a calendars of saints with famous characters (such as Blaise Pascal). (Later editions of the Almanach used the French Republican Calendar.)

So also Marechal had his ideas to a new calendar, and that precisely in the year 1788 (same year as the "Etrennes nouvelles de l'horoscope de l'homme et de la femme").
http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k48116c.swf.f3.langFR

This is a part of the gallica text:

It's announced as the first year of "Raison" (reason). Marechal had opened a new aera with it. The first sure date of its known existence is the 7th of January 1788.

7th of January was before the day of the Tyles in Grenoble (for some the start of the French revolution in June 1788) and the storm on the Bastille in July 1789 (for the majority
the begin of of the French revolution.

French wiki ...
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendrier_républicain
... gives the development of the "Calendrier republicain" in this way:

Création et utilisation
L’invention de ce calendrier se fit progressivement. Dès le lendemain de la prise de la Bastille (14 juillet 1789), l'usage était apparu d'appeler 1789 « l’an I de (l’ère de) la Liberté » ; les mois et jours étaient restés les mêmes, cependant[réf. nécessaire]. Le 21 septembre 1792, les députés de la Convention, réunis pour la première fois, décidèrent à l'unanimité par acclamation de l'abolition de la royauté en France et le lendemain 22 septembre 1792 (jour anniversaire de l'adoption du premier article de la Constitution de 17892), la Convention nationale décréta que « Tous les actes publics sont désormais datés à partir de l'an I de la République ». C’est le 20 septembre 1793 que Charles-Gilbert Romme, rapporteur du groupe de travail nommé par le Comité d'instruction publique, présente devant la Convention (le Comité lui-même ayant eu droit à une présentation six jours auparavant) ce qui deviendra bientôt le calendrier républicain. Après certains ajustements, il entra en vigueur à partir du lendemain du décret de la Convention nationale du 14 vendémiaire an II (5 octobre 1793)3,Note 1.

La nomenclature des mois et des jours continua d’évoluer dans les mois qui suivirent. Le décret fut refondu le 4 frimaire an II (24 novembre 1793), qui donna sa forme définitive au calendrier. Ce dernier décret abolit l'« ère vulgaire » pour les usages civils et définit le 22 septembre 1792 comme étant le premier jour de l'« ère des Français ». Pour les années suivantes, le premier jour de l'année serait celui de l'équinoxe vrai à Paris (ce qui tombait entre le 22 et le 24 septembre selon le calendrier grégorien). La première année est l'an I, il n'y a donc pas d'année zéro.

In short: After the storm on the Bastille started the "aera of Liberty". It had only a few years.

 

[Huck]

http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b69450527

Titre : La Liberté armée du Sceptre de la Raison foudroye l'Ignorance et le Fanatisme : [estampe] / Dessiné par Boizot ; Gravé par Chapuy
Auteur : Chapuy, Jean-Baptiste (1760-18..). Graveur
Auteur : Boizot, Louis-Simon (1743-1809). Dessinateur du modèle
Éditeur : chez Gamble et Coipel (A Paris)
Date d'édition : 1793-1795
Sujet : Liberté

Liberty with sceptre of "Raison", with Raison and with lion, victorious against ignorance and fanatism. With the same or a similar Phrygian cap (hat of the sans-culottes), once a symbol for the 3 mages. .... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrygian_cap

http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b69450527

The same artist, now Liberty and Raison protecting Innocence and crowning the winged Virtue.

 

[Huck]

A deck called "Grand Jeu de Geographie", c. 1800 looks, as if it had descended also from the Sauveur school:

https://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/29640453_framed-two-cards-from-le-grand-jeu-de-geographie

We have the same deck with some cards also in the WWPCM:

http://a.trionfi.eu/WWPCM/decks07/d05366/d05366.htm

 

[Huck]

Another 36-cards-deck "Oracle-des-Dames, 1797" was detected, a variant to the "Nouvel Eteila" or "Finet deck"

see http://tarotforum.net/showthread.php?p=4579074&posted=1#post4579074

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I found this ...

An "Oracle des Dames" is used in one scene.

https://books.google.de/books?id=ZT...Qg8MAM#v=onepage&q="oracle des dames"&f=false

A theatre play in one act.
An "Oracle des Dames" is used in one scene.

It was played for the first time in "An VIII" ... "L’an VIII du calendrier républicain, correspond aux années 1799 et 1800 du calendrier grégorien. Cette année a commencé le 23 septembre 1799 et s'est terminée le 22 septembre 1800".

The publication appeared in "An 11".
Le trente et quarante, ou, Le portrait: comédie en un acte, prose et ariettes
Alexandre Duval
Barba, 1803 - 36 pages

The publisher Barba is already known. The author Alexandre Duval ...
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandre_Duval

 

[MikeH]

I have added the "geographie" deck as "c. 1800b" on the timeline.

 

[Huck]

This is one of the late works of Sauveur ... 132 hand-colored engraved plates in Volume 1 (2 volumes). It's explicitely stated "engraved and coloured by J. Grasset de Saint-Sauveur", but I'm not sure, if this is right.

ROQUES, Joseph (1772-1850)
Plantes Usuelles, Indigénes et Exotiques, avec la description de leurs caractères distinctifs et de leurs propriétés médicinales
- Paris: Chez l'Auteur . et chez Madame veuve Hocquart . [printed by L. P. Dubray], 1807-1808. 2 volumes, quarto. (10 3/8 x 7 1/2 inches). Half- titles, errata in rear of vol. 2. Hand-coloured engraved title in vol. 1, 132 hand-coloured engraved plates, engraved and coloured by J. Grasset de Saint-Sauveur. Uncut. Extra-illustrated with a period watercolour of an avocado plant, laid into volume one at plate 21. Contemporary French red straight grain half morocco over blue-green glazed paper covered boards, flat spine in seven compartments divided by gilt rules, lettered in the second compartment. First edition of the first great French materia medica of the 19th century with hand coloured plates. Roques studied medicine at Montpellier and worked as a physician in military hospitals before moving to Paris and becoming one of the celebrated botanists of his time. His material medica sought to replace the standard work by Pierre Jea Baptiste Chomel, which he felt inaccurate. The plates were engraved and hand coloured by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur. Nissen BBI 1674; Pritzel 7757; Stafleu-Cowan TL2 9496; Johnson Cleveland Collections 737; Bradley Bibliography, p. 55 [Attributes: First Edition; Hard Cover]

Both from:
https://www.vialibri.net/552display_i/year_1807_0_396977.html

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Some other notes, just to remember them ...

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Kwaw noted, that Sauveur noted the poet Saadi (who appeared in the textbook of 1797 variant of the Finet deck) in his Encyclopedia of voyages (1796):

https://books.google.de/books?id=g_...ede les fameuses ruines de persepolis&f=false

From the text of the reproduction of the variant deck in 2007:

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Philippe settled the question for the location of the address of Sauveur:

The Académie royale de musique also called magasin (513 rue Saint-Nicaise) is shown on the Paris map of Robert de Vaugondy in 1771 under the n°22

Vaugondy 1771b by PhilBeDaN, sur Flickr

Vaugondy légendes b by PhilBeDaN, sur Flickr

Also here at the map of 1737:

see also in the life of Fridzeri
https://books.google.fr/books?id=B9...zAH#v=onepage&q=rue saint-nicaise 513&f=false

See also: