Hi there and greetings from Spain.
I do not have much knowledge about tarot shops or museums in mainland spain, as I am located in Mallorca, but what can I tell you is that I always buy my decks online. Amazon or bookdepo are usually much more cheaper than a shop in the city, so if you want to save some euros, don't get them on the local shops.
I have made a couple of researchs and it seems that there is a Tarot Museum in Madrid, Alcobendas, but I have no idea about if this is open, and which are the opening times.
You may be interested on writting them an email or give a call before going.
http://museodeltarot.com/quienes-somos
You can use google maps & google street viewr and look for "tiendas esotericas en madrid" or in any city you are.
Look for the ones that are closer to you, as Madrid is very big and you may not interested on crossing the city to visit one unless it is very good and worth the time.
Do that search for all the cities you wanna visit
"tienda esoterica madrid" or "tienda esoterica malaga" and you may be able to check the location, and have a look to the site if they have or some google images.
If you have no previous knowledge of Spain and where to go, I recommend you to use the tripadvisor site on location. Not for looking about esoterical shops, but It will be very usefull to get good recommendations about restaurants. I used on my last trip to Madrid, and it guided us to good restaurants. So you will be able to aboiv the typical places made for tourists and taste the ones visited by the locals. Normally better quality and better prices.
When visiting very touristic places, be aware from the "claveleras" they are gipsy women dressed in black, ususlly fat and ugly. They offer a flower and a chiromancy reading in the middle of the street. Do not be tempted to receive a reading. They will do some shitty reading and then ask for much money or directly steal your pocket.
I'm sorry I can not help much regarding to the shops, but I do not live in any place you will visit.
Enjoy your travel, you are going to visit wonderfull places in Spain. Ronda is a very small villa, I guess you wont be able to find any esoteric shop there. Use tripadvisor to avoid the turistic shitty restaurants (is a very touristic place). Toledo is superb, and also the food.
Hope LeFanu can read this thread, I guess he will be able to provide usefull information than me.