Okay, I've done a bit more research, and here's what I've come up with.
Liber 777 has correspondences for the ten Qliphoth (VIII and CXXIII) and the names of the demons that rule them (CVIII; CLV-CLXV). This is a good place to start, because it gives a good impression of the energies surrounding the Qliphoth and how they differ from the Sephiroth. You may also want to look at the Ten Hells in Seven Places and the Seven Hells of the Arabs (CVI-CVIII), but if you're unfamiliar with some of the more obscure aspects of Abrahamic theology, this might not prove useful to you.
The elements and planets assigned to the Qliphotic orders are the same. However, elsewhere in the book, there's a set of correspondences of the seven planets to the seven deadly sins (L) that could inform your translation of the planets and their corresponding cards into Qliphotic terms. Likewise, while I didn't see any explicit mention of there being a different set of four worlds for the Qliphotic orders, there is a mention of the demon kings that rule in each of those worlds (LXVIII).
This helps to set up the basic Tree, and once you have that in place, you can derive meanings of the cards from their placement on the Tree and their correspondences. So for example, the Magician is still essentially the energy of Mercury, but is overshadowed by the sin of envy and lies on the path between Thaumiel ("Dual contending forces") and Satariel ("Concealers"). So the energy of the Qliphotic Magician is one of false duality, divisiveness, and deceit.
(Interestingly enough, this actually parallels some of the nastier meanings that the Magician can adopt when he comes up inverted in a reading. You may not read with reversals, but I do, and this sticks out to me for sure.)
In the Minor Arcana, I would derive meanings the same way they're found from the Tree of Life, using the corresponding Qliphah, the world of the suit, and appropriate astrological correspondences. Let's take the Two of Swords as an example. It's the energy of Ghagiel ("Hinderers") in Yetzirah, so it represents an obstruction of the thinking and communicative abilities represented by the suit of Swords. In addition, it's ruled by the Moon and the sin of idleness; the zodiacal sign of Libra translates to the Qliphotic order of A'abiriron (עבירירון), which, according to
this quasi-legitimate-looking source, means "Clayey" (which I'm going to interpret as "of or related to clay"). So the peacefulness of the Two of Swords in the Tree of Life system (in the Thoth deck, that is) has now became a very heavy, slothful, almost indolent energy in the Qliphoth.
Once again, this is actually a very similar meaning to what the inverted Two of Swords could be. I chose both of these examples at random, so I don't know if this is a larger trend or if I just got lucky with the two I picked, but I'm beginning to wonder if a Tarot deck based on a Qliphotic tree mightn't look an awful lot like a deck made up entirely of reversals (which would make sense, given the relationship between the two trees). I shall have to experiment further with this.
I hope this post was helpful to you. I'll have to think some more before I can say what I would consider a deck like this useful for, but this is how I would derive the cards' meanings were I to create such a thing. (I'm not actually terribly familiar with the Shadow Tarot that I linked to in my previous post, and I don't know how the deck creators went about that process.)
Finally, I came across two more links that I thought I might as well share.
This one left me largely unimpressed, in part because it tied Kabbalah into the Necronomicon and that's just not my jar of beans. However, a quote did stand out to me, from the order of the Dragon Rouge:
The Qliphoth is the principles of the shadow and the antitheses that are hidden behind everything. The side of light in the Qabalah represents mathematical/ geometrical principles through which God created the world. The Qliphoth corresponds to fractals and principles of chaos. The Qliphoth are the dividing and destructive forces. The Qliphotic Qabalah uses the forces of destruction to free the adept from the limitations of creation. Through these forces we can learn to create. In the Qabalah, Lucifer and the fallen angels are those who first used the Qliphotic forces to free themselves from God. The principles of light are keeping the angels and the rest of creation in their firm, predetermined circles. The dark forces break these circles and make a free will and an individual existence outside God possible. The most common occultism usually warns against these forces. Under the surface of the bright occultism the dark tradition has sometimes appeared, often as a warning or as unspoken insinuations. There are three main levels of knowledge, in which the first one is our mundane knowledge and the information that the mundane science presents. Under this level we can find the light esoteric knowledge that has been transmitted through the classical occult societies. Under this level we can find the dark esoteric knowledge.
1. Esoteric knowledge: Mundane science.
2. Light esoteric knowledge: The bright tradition
3. Dark esoteric knowledge: The dark tradition.
The dark initiation is extremely rare, since it leads out into chaos and few people are able to wander this path. The light Esoterism leads to a melting together with the divine, while the dark Esoterism leads beyond the divine. The word “draconian” can also be translated as”harsh” and this is too a very fitting description of the Draconian Path. It is a harsh path but it also leads into worlds of singular beauty and power. The bright Esoterism leads to a unity with Jahve or Marduk and the ideas that they created the world from. The dark Esoterism leads out to Tehom or Tiamat who existed long before the light gods and who exists in infinity outside the light of divinity. For the initiated adept on the Draconian Path this darkness is a light, so much stronger than the light of the gods of light, that their light is experienced merely like darkness.
This might be useful in directing work with the Qliphoth, through Tarot or otherwise.
I also found
this link, which I quite liked, but it's in French, so you'd have to translate it and it might not be worth the effort. Still, I thought I'd share.