There is no end to the layers of knowledge that help deepen your reading experience - mythology, alchemy, colour theory, herbalism, you name it. Depending on the deck you use, there are minimum requirements. If for example you use a deck that relies heavily on astrology, you rob yourself of deeper understanding if you don't learn at least the basics - zodiac, planets, houses, connection to elements, archetypes, Jungian psychology etc.
Over time, you'll feel curious to add another layer. It took me a long long time to start developing my interest in kabbalah. I have books about kabbalah that I bought in the Eighties and read only now! I thought it's too complex for me and indeed it's very complex but also life-enriching, not only tarot-enriching.
So go in your own pace. The ability to know your tarot deck well, to connect with your intuition and to tune in to a tarot reading (where you combine question, querent, card positions, card meanings and influences between them) are the basics. By reading much tarot, you'll get a basic grap on the "character" of numbers anyway. And once you get a good feeling for the elemental energies of the cards, astrological associations will "sit" more comfortably. Intuition incorporates knowledge, it all works together.
But IMO you can have very good and helpful readings also as a beginner.
I'd recommend a tarot journal where you write down all your readings. If you'll return to them later, after you have acquired more layers of knowledge, you'll find it interesting to see your spontaneous card interpretations. Both are valuable.
Theoretical knowledge may lead some readers towards a reading style which is completely tarot-referential, pointing out all the associations between the cards in different systems without connection to the querent/yourself and the context of your life. So keep your ability to connect to the images and the pattern of a reading in the most basic sense while you slowly add knowledge.